Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of "TO BE"

1. Michael Jordan __________ American. He __________ a basketballer.
2. I _________ from Turkey.
3. Mary and William __________ Italian. They __________ Spanish.
4. Barcelona and Madrid __________ in Spain.
5. Where __________ Martin?
6. __________ you tired?    Yes, I ___________.
7. The cat __________ under the chair.
8. Where ___________ they from?
9. My mother ___________ a doctor.
10. __________ the weather cold?

ALTER (v.) to change or make different

Synonym: modify

WORD BUILDING

alteration (noun)

alterable (adjective)

alterably (adverb)

They haven't altered their holiday plans despite the bad weather coditions.

USED TO / DIDN’T USE TO

Complete the sentences by using the correct form of the simple present

or used to.

1. I ___________(not play) computer games when I was a child, but now I ____________ (play) a

lot of games in the evenings.

2. Mike _____________ (not smoke) before going to the army.

3. There _____________ (be) three parks in our village, but now now there ___________(be) only

one.

4. Murat ____________(like) cheeseburgers, but now he ____________(eat) healthty food.

5. She _____________(not cook) before she got married, but now she ___________(cook) every

evening.

6. Alex ______________ (not have) a mobile phone, but now he ___________ (send) text

messages easily.

7. When I was single, I _____________(have) big parties in my house, but now I

___________(watch) TV in the evenings.

8. When I was in Istanbul, I ___________ (watch) Fenerbahçe’s matches at the stadium. Now I

___________ (watch) on TV every weekend.

9. A: _____________ you ____________ (drink) a glass of milk every morning when you were a

child?

B: Yes, I did, but now I ______________ (drink) a cup of coffee every morning.

10. My sister_____________(love) classical music, but she ____________(hate) it when she was

younger.

KEY: 1. didn’t use to play / plays 2. didn’t use to smoke 3. used to be / is 4. used to like / eats 5.

didn’t use to / cooks 6. didn’t use to have / sends 7. used to have / watch 8. used to watch / watch

9. Did you use to drink / drink 10. loves / used to hate

Complete the questions using the prepositions below

for    with     from     after     like     about     to (X2)

1.     Who is she waiting __________?

2.     I don’t understand. What are they talking __________?

3.     Who does the baby take __________?

4.     Where is Mark coming __________?

5.     What does it look __________?

6.     What is he listening _________?

7.     Where are we going __________?

8.     Who is Mary travelling __________?

STRONG FORM OF ADJECTIVES

ADJECTIVE                       STRONG FORM

very strange                              bizarre

very tasty                                delicious

LOG OFF; LOG OFF something

Check these sentences

• All students have to log off when they finish using the computer.

• I think my computer has been infected by a virus. I just can’t log off. It is crashed.

• Logging off is very important when a lot of people use the same computer.

• If you don’t want anybody to see your account, you must log off the site.

MEANING:

Log off: to finish using a computer system

SYNONYM: log off = log out

OPPOSITE: log off X log in

Acceptable ( adj.) allowable or satisfactory
accept (v)
acceptably (adv)
acceptability (n)
accepting (adj.)

The idea was acceptable to the sales manager.

The head teacher read the acceptable behaviors to the

students.

TO AVOID

Definition: To choose not to do something in order to achieve a better result.

Examples

He always avoids smoking in closed places.

You should avoid speaking your native language in the class in order to imrove your English.

CLAUSES OF REASON

Clauses of reason are introduced by: because, as, since, on the grounds that,

the reason for, the reason (why) etc.

As the weather was too cold, all the children played inside.

She went straight to bed because she was really tired.

Because usually answers a why-question→→ A: “Why didn’t you take a taxi?”  B: Because I didn’t have enough money with me.

For ( = because ) always comes after a comma in written speech.

I didn’t take a taxi, for I didn’t have enough money with me.

Because of + NOUN / -ing form

They cancelled all the flights because the weather was stormy.

Because of the stormy weather, they cancelled all the flights.

She is in hospital now because of eating too much.

Due to + NOUN / -ing form

Due to good management, the company has made a lot of money in recent months.

Due to having a badly paid job, Steve is looking for new opportunities for his career.

Because of the fact that / Due to the fact that followed by a SENTENCE.

Due to the fact that he has a low salary, he isn’t able to rent the house he likes.

Diego isn’t going to attend the meeting because of the fact that his son is ill.

EXERCISES   

Join the sentences using the words in brackets.

1. It was snowing. The match was cancelled. ( due to ) __________________________________________________ .
2. Tom left Carla. He couldn’t put up with her complaints. ( for ) __________________________________________________.
3. She didn’t go to work. She wasn’t feeling very well. ( because ) __________________________________________________.
4. I can’t come with you. I must visit my aunt. ( as ) __________________________________________________ .
5. He is in debt. He will have to reduce his spending. ( since ) __________________________________________________.

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH  WHEN, AFTER or BEFORE

MY FIRST DAY IN ANTALYA

Two years ago, I went to Antalya, Turkey. __________ I went there, I booked a room in one of the five star hotels. I was really excited because it was my first holiday in Turkey. __________ I left the airport, I took a taxi to my hotel. I rememebered that it was a hot day. __________ I arrived my hotel, I checked in and went to my room. I relaxed for about two hours. __________ I relaxed, I went out to see the city. It was a lovely evening and it was really crowded, full of tourists. I started to get hungry but __________ I ate something, I took some photos of historical buildings. __________ I had dinner, I went to my room and fell asleep.

GERUND /INFINITIVE

Choose the correct option.

1. Alex’ll never forget _____________ that goal against Barcelona.

a) to score            b) score       c) scoring

2. While I was driving past his house, I saw Hurley __________basketball in his garden.

a) play                  b) to play       c) playing

3. I regret ____________that I can’t make it on time. I’m very busy.

a) say         b) to say       c) saying

4. I forgot __________ my spare battery so I couldn’t call you on time.

a) to take      b) take      c) taking

5. Remember___________ the safe before you leave the office.

a) locking    b) lock      c) to lock

6. If Murat is always late to work, he risks ___________his job.

a) to lose     b) lose     c) losing

7. After I finished ___________the cats, I prepared myself a big sandwich.

a) feeding     b) to feed      c) feed

8. As he has been looking for a new job for 3 months, he regrets not __________two more foreign languages when he was younger.

a) to learn       b) learn      c) learning

9. I saw my manager ___________his car and drive away.

a) get on    b) getting on     c) to get on

10. As Roberto Carlos drove past the training pitch, he saw Alex ____________free-kicks.

a) practice   b) to practice      c) praticing

KEY: 1.c 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.c 6.c 7.a 8.c 9.a 10.c

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. DON’T FORGET TO KEEP THE MEANING THE SAME

1. There was a problem in the computer system so nobody connected to the net.

Nobody______________________________________________________________. ( because of )

2. Jack Nicholson hasn’t given an interview for seven months.

The last time ________________________________________________________.

3. Despite being very tired, Kerem finished the reports on time.

Although ____________________________________________________________.

4. It wan’t necessary for them to bring so many books, but they did.

They ________________________________________________ so many books. ( needn’t )

5. Meg Ryan hasn’t taken part in a film for two years.

It’s _______________________________________ since she took part in a film.

6. Kate can’t find a good job because he is not qualified enough.

If Kate_______________________________________________________________.

7. She hadn’t thought the match would be so exciting.

The match________________________________________ she had thought.  ( more )

8. I’m sorry I couldn’t make the reservations on time.

I wish ___________________________________________________________.

9. The government must find a solution to the water problem or else we’ll run out of water.

Unless______________________________________________________________.

10. It’s been months since I last saw my sister.

I haven’t____________________________________________________________.

11. ” Let’s rent a DVD “, she said.

She suggested ______________________________________________________.

12. She regrets not learning to drive.

She wishes ________________________________________________________.

13. I’m sure that wasn’t Ekrem we saw. He’s in Texas.

We can’t __________________________________________________________.

14. She finds my accent difficult to understand. ( difficulty )

She has ___________________________________________________________.

15. Football doesn’t interest Aylin a lot. ( interested )

Aylin ____________________________________________________________.

JOIN THE TWO SENTENCES. USE THE WORDS IN PARANTHESIS.

1. Joseph and Mark had dinner. Then they watched the match on TV. (after)
2. My sister was driving. She fell asleep. ( while )
3. The interview finished. I phoned my mother. ( as soon as )
4. I don’t want to find a job. I’ll finish my school. ( before )
5. My friends waited at the station. My train arrived. ( until )
6. She wants to do some shoppng. She goes home. ( before )
7. He was painting the fence. A policeman knocked the door. ( while )
8. My wallet was stolen. I was walking in the street. (when )
9. Don’t drink coffee. You go to bed. ( before )
10. I will finish the letter. I collect enough data. ( as soon as )

FUTURE TIME CLAUSES ( WHEN - AS SOON AS - AFTER - BEFORE - UNTIL - IF )

WHEN

When I find a well-paid job, I will move to a new flat near the sea. ( It means after finding a job, I will move to a new flat )

They will start the meeting when the CEO arrives.

* We can also use Present Perfect Tense in the when clause.

When I have finished writing the report, I will go out with my friends.

AS SOON AS ( as soon as has the same meaning as 'when' but it is a bit stronger. )

As soon as the rain stops, they will go on their journey.

They will announce the results of the elections to the public as soon as they confirm the offical results.

AFTER / BEFORE

After she goes home, she will write an e-mail to her patient about her treatment.

Before Mr.Tamer buys a new car, he will consult an expert about the prices.

UNTIL ( We use UNTIL to say something starts or stops at this time )

Claire won't buy anything until she finishes her debts.

You can go. I will wait until she arrives home.

IF ( IF shows a possible condition about future )

If my sister passes all her exams, she will go to Miami.

They will sell their car if it breaks down again.

give up: stop doing something.

I gave up smoking two years ago.