Fill in the blanks with ‘if’ or ‘when’ and put the verbs into the correct tense

1) Alex will write an e-mail to his manager __________ he __________ ( arrive )

2) __________ does the doctor think he _____________( get over ) his injury?

3) __________ there____________( be ) any problems, I will phone you.

4) __________ the interviews __________ ( be ) over, we will announce the results.

5) I wonder ___________ Santos ____________( return ) from his trip to Brazil.

6) ___________ Michael ____________( apply ) for the job, I’m sure he will get it.

7) ___________ they _____________ ( arrive ) late at the airport, they will miss the flight.

8) She will call you ____________ she ____________( finish ) writing the reports.

9) ___________________________( he / give up ) blocking the street?

10) ____________ we __________( have ) nothing else to discuss, we can all leave now.

KEY

1. when / arrives  2. When / will get over  3. If / are  4. When / are  5. if / returns  6. If / applies  7. If / arrive  8. when / finishes  9. When does he give up 10. If / have

Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning. Use 2-5 words in total.

1. They were served by an attractive and quick waitress.  ( who )

The ________________________________________attractive and quick.

2. The moment I reached the tunnel, I saw a bright light.  ( just )

I saw a bright light ___________________________________the tunnel.

3. Ted and Robin spent their holiday in a magnificient hotel.  ( where )

The hotel _____________________________________ was magnificient.

4. The floorboards in her summer house are in bad shape and need replacing. ( which )

The floorboards in her summer house, ___________________________, need replacing.

5. The electricity won’t be reconnected until you pay the bill.  (when)

The electricity will be connected ________________________the bill.

6. My grandmother bought me a shirt, but the sleeves are too long. ( of  )

My grandmother bought me a shirt ______________________are too long.

7. The speakers left immediately after they finished their speech. ( soon )

The speakers left __________________________________their speech.

8. I hadn’t heard from Kate for years and last week I received a letter from her. ( who )

Last week I received a letter from Kate __________________________________from for years.

9. A lot of damage was caused by the storm yesterday. ( which)

There was a storm yesterday, ___________________________ a lot of damage.

10. The poet, who has recently had his poems translated into 7 languages, is giving a speech tonight. ( whose )

The poet, _________________________________translated into 7 languages, is giving a speech tonight.

11. I finished writing the reports and then I went out with my girlfriend.  ( until )

I didn’t go out with my girlfriend until __________________________the reports.

12. In 2002 I opened my first shop in Paris.  ( was )

2002 _________________________________I opened my first shop in Paris.

13. We’ll leave any time you’re ready.  (whenever)

We’ll leave _______________________________________ready.

14. During a walk in the main square Alex met his friend. ( while )

Alex met his friend ______________________________in the main square.

15. I met a very qualified assistant manager last week. ( whom )

The assistant manager ________________________last week was very qualified.

A) Circle the correct words

1. I’ll call my mother until / as soon as I get the news about my father.

2. The plane hasn’t landed yet so I’ll wait until / when it arrives.

3. My sister’s going to buy a new computer when / unless she has enough money.

4. You won’t get a driving licence easily if / unless you practice more.

5. If / Until she fails her driving test, she’ll take it again next month.

6. They’ll go for a walk as soon as / unless the weather gets better.

7. He won’t play football until / as soon as he feels better.

8. When / Unless we move to Cunda, I’ll have a room with a sea view.

B) Fill in the blanks with if / unless / until / as soon as.

1. My boss’s coming office at 8.30. I’ll talk to him about my salary __________he arrives.

2. __________ she hurries up, we’ll be late for the match.

3. I can’t buy that car __________my father lend me some money.

4. It’s an exciting game. I’ll call my girlfriend __________it finishes.

5. What will she do ___________she is promoted?

6. __________we can’t find any tickets, we can watch the concert live on TV.

7. Can you look after my parrot ___________I get back from a business trip?

8. Because my father is on the way home, I’ll have to wait ________he gets home because he doesn’t have a spare key.

KEY. A) 1. as soon as  2. until  3. when  4. unless 5. If  6. as soon as  7. until  8. When

B) 1. as soon as  2. Unless  3. unless  4. as soon as  5. if  6. If  7. until  8. until

EXERCISE . Fill in the blanks with when, before, after, as soon as, or until. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.

1) Roberto Carlos will stay in Turkey ____________ he finds a new club.

2) Jack’s going to keep on working _______________ he finishes it.

3) Book a table ____________you go to the restaurants in the Bosphorus. They’re always full.

4) ____________ I chat with him tonight, I’ll ask the reason of the argument.

5) Remember to buy some batteries ____________you’re in the kiosk.

6) We can go for a walk ___________we’ve eaten something.

7) The captain will wait for the other sailors _____________it gets dark, and then he’ll leave.

8) Don’t forget to call your manager about the sales _____________ you get to the hotel.

9) I hope she’ll phone me ______________ she’s found the files I need.

10) They’ll wait ______________it stops snowing, and then they’ll go out.

11) ___________you see your sister, give my regards please.

KEY 1. until  2. until  3. before  4. When  5. when 6. after  7. until  8. when/as soon as 9) when/as soon as 10) until 11) When

A) __________(1) you want to be successful in your job, you should work harder than everyone in your field.

You should be practical ___________(2) there is a problem. You shouldn’t speak carelessly __________(3) you

cause misunderstanding. ___________(4) you look determined, everybody will respect you, but __________(5)

you are obstinate, nobody will. _________(6) you are broad-minded you can’t improve yourself or get a

promotion in your job. You should be sociable, trustworthy, friendly, easy-going, honest and humorous

__________(7) you want your colleagues to like you. ___________(8) you are ill mannered, unreliable, rude,

quarrelsome, or dishonest nobody wants to work with you. You should always be clean, well-dressed and

elegant __________(9) your boss wants to see you or there is an unexpected formal meeting. __________(10)

you want to leave a good impression on everybody in your carrer, you should take this advice into

consideration.

KEY: 1.If  2. when  3. in case  4. if  5. if  6. If  7. if  8. If 8. in case  9. If

Complete these sentences with if, unless, when, as soon as or until.

1.  We’ll never get there on time __________ Sedef gets ready quickly.

2.   I’m so excited.  I’m going to get my skis on _________ we get there!

3.   I’d take that job _________ the salary was better.

4.   I’ll take driving lessons ________ I’ve finished school.  I’m not in a hurry.

5.   I can’t go to the office ________ I’ve found my car keys!

6.    Alex won’t get a birthday present from me __________ I go shopping today.  His birthday is tomorrow.

7.    We won’t be able to buy a new car _________ we’ve saved enough money.

8.   I have to take the pasta out of the water __________ it’s cooked, or it gets too soft and sticky.

9.   We’d go and visit them more often _________ getting there was cheaper.

10.  I’d buy myself an up-to-date iPhone __________ I had a really good job.

KEY: 1. unless  2. as soon as  3. if   4. when  5.  until  6. unless  7. unless 8. when  9. if  10. if

Join the sentences by using while and when.

1) I hurt my knee. I was playing football.

———————————————– . (when)

———————————————-. (while)

2) They were talking about the exam results. The manager came in.

______________________________________________________. (when)

______________________________________________________. (while)

3) Gaye lost her wallet. She was walking in a crowded street.

______________________________________________________.(when)

______________________________________________________. (while)

4) Somebody stole my i-pod. I was speaking to a friend on the phone.

_______________________________________________________. (when)

_______________________________________________________. (while)

5) We were getting ready for the picnic. It started to rain.

_______________________________________________________.(when)

_______________________________________________________. (while)

KEY

1. I was playing football when I hurt my knee.

While I was playing fotball, I hurt my knee.

2. When the manager came in, they were talking about the exam results.

While they were talking about the exam results, the manager came in.

3. When Gaye lost her wallet, she was walking in a crowded street.

Gaye lost her wallet while she was walking in a crowded street.

4. I was speaking to a friend on the phone when somebody stole my i-pod.

While I was speaking to a friend on the phone, somebody stole my i-pod.

5. We were getting ready for the picnic when it started to rain.

While we were getting ready for the picnic, it started to rain.

1. When Leyla left, I started washing the dishes. (until)

I waited _________________________________ I started washing the dishes.

2. Carlos is very intelligent. He is also succesful. (both)

Carlos is _____________________________________________________.

3. Emre is very experienced despite being young. (although)

Emre is very experienced ________________________________________.

4. Besidesbeing lazy, she is also very talkative. (addition)

She is lazy_____________________________________very talkative.

5. The match was cancelled due to the bad weather. ( because)

The match was _____________________________________bad weather.

6. Aylin had already left the library when I got there. (by)

Aylin had already left the library_____________________________there.

7. I enjoyed the book even though it was too long. (despite)

I enjoyed the book ___________________________ was too long.

8. Alex de Souza is interested in computer games. Roberto Carlos enjoys dancing. (whereas)

Alex de Souza is interested in computer games______________________________.

9. Ferrari cars aren’t cheap but people buy them. (though)

Even _____________________________people buy them.

10. We mustn’t speak loudly. We may disturb the students. (so as to)

We mustn’t speak loudly___________________________the students.

Key

1. ……………….until Leyla left before………………………….
2. ……………..both intelligent and successful.
3. …………………….althoguh he is very young.
4. ……….in addition to being……………………
5. …………cancelled because of bad weather.
6. ………………..by the time I got there.
7. ……………………despite the fact that it
8. ……….whereas Carlos enjoys dancing.
9. Even though Ferrari cars aren’t cheap…………
10. 10. ……..so as not to disturb students.

1. After we finished the training, we had a shower. ( before )

__________________________________________________________.

2. Cenk ate three cheeseburgers. He was still hungry. ( although )

__________________________________________________________.

3. She first got dressed, then went out. ( after )

__________________________________________________________.

4. I saw a strange object in the sky. I called NASA.  ( as soon as )

___________________________________________________________.

5. My boss walked into my room. He fell down. ( while )

___________________________________________________________.

6. I’ll take a map. I may get lost. ( in case )

__________________________________________________________.

7. Semih didn’t attend the meeting, because it was really boring. ( so )

__________________________________________________________.

8. She woke up very late. She couldn’t catch the bus. ( as )

__________________________________________________________.

9. It was an exciting film. We watched it with pleasure. ( such…that)

__________________________________________________________.

10. I won’t see Taner if I don’t leave the house soon. ( unless )

___________________________________________________________.

Key:

1. Before we had a shower, we had finished the training.

2. Although Cenk ate three cheeseburgers, he was still hungry.

3. She went out after she had got dresses.

4. As soon as I had seen a strange object in the sky, I called NASA.

5. While my boss walking into my room, he fell down.

6. I will take a map in case I get lost.

7. The meeting was really boring, so Semih didn’t attend it.

8. As she woke up very late, she couldn’t catch the bus.

9. It was such an exciting film that we watched with pleasure.

10. Unless I leave the house soon, I won’t see Taner.

Choose the correct answer

1. Murat decided to give up smoking _________he had had a heart attack two times.

a) in case    b) although    c) because   d) even if

2. ____________ she was walking along the garden, she found a very rare flower.

a) because  b) provided that  c) so that   d) while

3. ____________ my father woke up, he realised that he had forgotten to turn off the lights.

a) when  b) unless   c) while   d) even though

4. __________ he behaves well, Mary will never talk to him.

a) although  b) unless   c) if    d) in the even that

5. __________ my best friend Hasan five years older than me, he looks very young.

a) until   b) when  c) although  d) because

6. __________ they have passed the stamina test, they can get their scuba diving licence.

a) Now that   b) Even though   c) Unless   d) When

7. I have decided to buy a car ____________ I can go to work easily.

a) in case   b) so that   c) provided that   d) although

8. Merve looks at her husband _________ she hasn’t seen him before.

a) as if   b) when   c) although   d) because

9. The soldiers in the camp will be punished ___________ they didn’t obey the rules.

a) although  b) because  c) even if   d) however

10. You must wear your helmet while riding a motorbike, __________ you may hurt seriously in case of an accident.

a) but   b) although  c) even though  d) otherwise

11. __________ you are in top form, your coach always shows you respect.

a) Unless   b) As long as  c) Although  d) As if

12. __________ Jale did the ironing, _____________ she had also prepared the breakfast.

a) not only / but  b) not had only / but  c) not only had / but  d) not only have / but

13. I don’t want to invite Kemal to the party ___________ he always talks about nonsense things.

a) although  b) even if  c) despite  d) because

14. I’m going to work harder __________ I can be promoted.

a) when   b) so that   c) because   d) in spite of

15. She was very exhausted ____________ she didn’t stop working.

a) but   b) unless   c) although   d) because 

Key: 1.c  2. d  3. a 4. b 5. c  6.a  7.b  8.a  9.b  10.d  11.b  12. a  13. d  14. b  15. a