Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs. ( Passive or Active )

TRX1 Car of the Future

TRX1 is a concept car which _____________1(design) by Engin Deniz in 2007. Mr.Deniz __________(2be) from Turkey and he ___________3(be) a mechanical engineer. He ___________4(design) all kind of vehicles but mainly cars. TRX1 is one of the best cars he has ever designed. It __________5(weigh) 500 kilos which is very light for a car. It has got  4 seats. Inside of the car is also impressive. GPS Navigation system ___________6(install) on the board. Moreover, there is a DVD player for the travellers to watch. The bluetooth technology __________7(make) it practical to speak on the phone while driving. It __________8(manufacture) next year unless there are no problems.

Last week TRX1 ___________9(demonstrate) in Istanbul Auto Show. People ,who visited the fair, ___________10(impress) by the car’s appearance. We don’t know the exact price of the car but it ___________11(sell) to special customers because only 20 cars __________12(manufacture) next year. Some rich people ____________13(already-start) queuing for this magnificient concept model. They ___________14(look forward to) driving it.

KEY: 1. was designed  2. is  3. is  4. designs  5. weighs  6. is installed  7. makes  8. will be manufactured  9. was demonstrated 10. were impressed  11. will be sold  12. will be manufactured 13. have already started  14. are looking forward to

TEST YOUR GRAMMAR

PART 1. Choose the correct answer a,b or c.

1) They want __________ all of their colleagues to the party.

a) invite          b) to invite          c) inviting

2) It’s usually difficult __________ for a woman how to change a flat tyre.

a) to learn      b) learn          c) learning

3) He borrowed a book ___________ while he was on holiday.

a) read         b) reading        c) to read

4) __________ on Sunday mornings makes me feel ebergetic.

a) Swim        b) Swimming       c) To swim

5) Metin’s uncle doesn’t enjoy ___________ for a long time.

a) drive         b) to drive          c) driving

6) Aragones is tired of ____________. He wants to leave Fenerbahçe.

a) to criticise    b) being criticised    c) be criticised

7) Alex likes Mondays because he ___________go training.

a) mustn’t         b) doesn’t have to      c) haven’t to

8  He can’t watch the match tonight because he __________ to finish the reports.

a) has         b) must      c) have

9) You __________ be late for work tomorrow. You have an important meeting.

a) don’t have to      b) mustn’t       c) mustn’t to

10) Here are your socks. Put ___________.

a) on them      b) them on       c) it on

PART 2. Complete the sentences with the verbs given

decide   dream of   forget    hate    hope    learn     mind    need    start   try

1. Don’t __________ the exam until you hear the bell ring.

2. She’d like _________ to play backgammon. I’ll teach her soon.

3. She hasn’t ___________ which color to buy yet.

4. Don’t ___________ to buy some batteries at the supermarket.

5. I never watch horror movies because I ________ seeing blood.

6. The manager __________ to increase the sales.

7. Your car is very dirty. You __________ to go to a car washer.

8. __________ to write in English as much as you can. Otherwise you can’t practice your writing.

9. She doesn’t _________ listening to jazz. It’s normal for her.

10. Anelka __________ playing in Barcelona.

KEY: PART 1

1) to invite  2) to learn  3) to read  4) Swimming  5) driving  6) being criticised  7) doesn’t have to  8)  has  9) mustn’t  10) them on

PART 2

1) start  2) to learn  3) decided  4) forget  5) hate  6) hopes  7) need  8 Try  9) mind  10) dreams of

CHECK somebody or something OUT

Check these sentences

Our company managers always check the candidates out before interviewing with them.

Tim’s cough must be checked out by a doctor otherwise it gets worse and worse.

He didn’t check out if the address was wrong or not. Luckily it was right. 

MEANING

to check somebody out: to find out if somebody is reliable and honest.

to check something out: to find out if something is acceptable, true or correct.

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of “must / mustn’t or not have to”

1. We ________________ (use) electronic devices when we travel by plane.

2. Before entering a foreign country, we ____________ (show) our passports.

3. I’m sure it will be a tiring journey. She ___________ (come) if she doesn’t want to.

4. Children under 8 years old _____________(be) accompanied by their parents.

5. You_____________ (finish) writing the reports today. Tomorrow will be OK.

6. After a long-time injury Deivid ____________ (train) a lot to be fit.

7. When you come home, please be quiet. You ___________ (wake) the baby because she’s just fallen a sleep.

8. Since we have two cars, you _____________(wait) for us.

9. As this is the last chance to qualify, they __________(play) well and score two goals.

10. People __________ (waste) water due to lack of water in the near future.

KEY: 1. mustn’t  2. must  3. doesn’t have to  4. must  5. don’t have to  6. must  7. mustn’t  8. don’t have to  9. must  10. mustn’t

EXERCISE. Rewrite the sentences with “had” in the correct place.

1) By the time Engin got home, his parents went to bed.

_______________________________________________________________________.

2) Osman didn’t tell me how he fixed that radio.

_______________________________________________________________________.

3) My girlfriend rented a DVD, but I saw that film before.

______________________________________________________________________.

4) As I was walking, I suddenly remembered I left my keys in the car.

______________________________________________________________________.

5) Nobody could understand how my sister wrote such a good poem.

_____________________________________________________________________.

KEY:

1. By the time Engin got home, his parents had gone to bed.
2. Osman didn’t tell me how he had fixed that radio.
3. My girlfriend rented a DVD, but I had seen that film before.
4. As I was walking, I suddenly remebered I had left my keys in the car.
5. Nobody could understand how my sister had written such a good poem.

EXERCISE. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of  can / have to / be able to

A) Aysel has been pregnant for three months now. Her doctor, Mr.Tuna, says she ___________ (1) have a big breakfast from now on as she is very thin and __________ (2) walk at least 25 minutes everyday but she __________(3) attend her aerobics class anymore because that may be dangerous for her baby. Aysel says she goes out a lot with her husband Kemal these days because as soon as she has her baby she __________ (4) go out a lot, she ____________(5) spend a lot of time with her new born baby then.

B) Roberto Carlos has just stopped football so from now on he ____________ (1) do training any more. He ___________(2) travel to other countries and have a chance to visit his relatives in Brazil. He __________(3)be a coach for his team but first he ___________ (4) take coaching classes and degree. What makes him so unhappy is that he __________ (5) play football with his team mates as much as he used to.

C) I made up my mind and finally left my job last week. In my former job I ___________(1) work 40 hours a week so I __________ (2) spend a lot of time for myself and I _________(3) wear a suit and tie but now where I work is really different. I only ___________(4) work 20 hours a week so I ___________(5) have some free time for my friends and at the same time I ___________(6) wear a suit and tie. I __________(7) wear my favorite jeans and t-shirts. In my former job I __________(8) use my Chinese but now I __________(9) since my new company does business with Chinese people.

EXERCISE 1. Fill in the blanks with MUST / MUSTN’T / HAVE TO / NOT HAVE TO

Ronaldo can go to Brazil next week because he ________________ attend the training.

You ______________ buy that CD. We have got so many Cds at home.

Look at my car. It’s really dirty. I ____________ wash it as soon as possible.

I have just ordered some pizza. You ____________ cook anything tonight.

Since Alex de Souza was injured in the middle of the match, he ___________ leave the pitch.

You ___________ remember what I said to you. It’s very important.

You ___________ put the chains on the wheels. It’s going to be snowy.

Tayfun ___________ buy a new CD player. He can use mine.

In Turkey all men _____________ do military service.

You __________ prepare an impressive CV before applying a job.

EXERCISE 2. Fill in the blanks with MUST / MUSTN’T / CAN / CAN’T / HAVE TO / DON’T HAVE TO

My mother has told me to buy some batteries. I ___________ forget to buy some.

The old lady is sleeping. You _____________ turn down the volume.

You ____________ walk on the grass. It’s forbidden.

I’m sorry I couldn’t come yesterday. I _____________ visit a very important client.

We’ve got a lot of time. You ____________ hurry.

KEY

EXERCISE 1. 1) doesn’t have to 2) don’t have to 3) must 4) don’t have to 5) had to 6) must 7) don’t have to 8) doesn’t have to 9) have to 10) must

EXERCISE 2) 1) mustn’t 2) must 3) mustn’t 4) had to 5) don’t have to

PROHIBITION

mustn’t

We use “mustn’t” when something is forbidden to do.

• You mustn’t take photos in this museum because it gives harm to the monuments.
• In Turkey you mustn’t smoke in public places.

• Parking here is forbidden = You mustn’t park here.

can’t

We use “can’t” when we are not allowed to something.

• You are not allowed to enter this room = You can’t enter this room.
• She can’t use the manager’s computer. ( She’s not allowed. )

ABSENCE OF NECESSITY

DON’T HAVE TO / DON’T NEED TO

We use “don’t have to” or “don’t need to” when something isn’t necessary to do.

Check the examples:

• Mr.Ozan is a primary school teacher, so he doesn’t have to work in summers.
• We have a lot of milk in the fridge. You don’t need to buy any.
• Burak and Kemal don’t have to go to the office everyday. They can work from home.

• I don’t have to get up early tomorrow since my boss is on holiday.

didn’t have to / didn’t need to is the past form.

• Did you have to work last weekend?
• We didn’t need to attend every conference last year.

MUST / HAVE TO

OBLIGATION / NECESSITY

HAVE TO

We use “have to” when the necessity comes from outside the speaker or when others decide for the speaker.

Check these examples:

• All the primary school students in Turkey have to wear a blue unifrom.
• All the men in Turkey who are 18 years old or older have to do their military service.
• Cenk has to wear a suit at work. ( The company’s board decided )
• Before entering the factory, all the workers have to sign the attendance book.
• As it is an international company Murat has to work on Saturdays to deal with the customers.

All of the necessities in the examples above come from outside the speaker.

Past form of “have to” is “had to”

Check these examples:

• When I was in the army I had to shave everymorning.
• Linda had to fill an application form to be a candidate for the position in the company.
• When I was a child, I had to go to bed at 9p.m.
• In my previous job all the ladies had to wear a tie.

We use “will have to” for future necessities.

• Mrs.Hanks will have to work in summers in her new job.
• If Burak is promoted, he will have to check the reports everyday.

MUST

We use “must” for the necessities that the speaker decides himself. Must is used only in present and future.

• I cough a lot in the evenings. I must stop smoking. ( I decided myself )
• As Meral has a very important exam tomorrow morning she must go to bed early.
• This client is a very serious man so we must prepare everything very carefully.
• I must save money to buy that house.

Past form of “must” is “had to”.

• I had to get a taxi for work yesterday because I was late.
• In order to get to the office, I had to take three buses last year.
• She had to work last Saturday because she couldn’t finish the reports.